The MCX's safety selector, magazine release, and bolt release are in the same place as an AR-15 receiver so the years of trigger time you've logged on your AR-15 will translate perfectly. SIG has even incorporated two QD attachment points toward the rear of the lower receiver, eliminating the hassle of aftermarket receiver end plates for sling attachments. Throw in an integrated trigger guard and a flared mag well and the MCX's lower half has just about everything you could ask for.
At first glance the MCX's upper receiver looks nearly identical to an AR-15 upper. Take a closer look, however, and you'll see they're almost nothing alike because the MCX's upper contains the majority of SIG's innovations. The MCX operates on a short-stroke piston system; a design SIG has used in some of its other rifles for decades. The gas block is mated to the barrel and houses the piston. It is adjustable for suppressed or unsuppressed configurations and easily disassembled for cleaning. The piston drives an operating rod attached directly to the bolt group. The whole assembly is controlled by two overhead recoil springs and contained entirely in the upper receiver group.
Cleaning and disassembly is incredibly easy with most of the fouling contained to the piston and gas block. This has been the primary gripe about the AR-15 rifle for as long as it has existed and the MCX runs much cleaner. This not only means shortened cleaning time, but also reduces the need for lubrication. The bolt and bolt carrier actually break down almost identically to those of an AR-15, once again shortening the learning curve. Another great innovation found in the upper receiver is a replaceable cam path insert. Anytime you can replace a wear point on a gun, you've instantly extended its service life. That's a nice touch and proof SIG wants its guns to run for a very long time.
MCX rifles feature a slim-profile, chrome-lined, cold-hammer-forged barrel topped off with SIG's own muzzle device. The threads are standard 1/2x28, allowing for the attachment of virtually any aftermarket flash hider or suppressor attachment. Considering this rifle was designed to be suppressed, I suspect more than a few of us will be doing just that.
The barrel mates to the upper receiver and is secured with two robust torx bolts. This means the barrel can be removed for cleaning or swapped out for a different caliber in minutes, even in the field, and all you need is a torx driver to get the job done. This modularity allows the user to switch between barrel lengths for different applications or even change from 5.56mm to .300BLK caliber on the fly. With an AR-15 this could only be accomplished by swapping entire upper receiver assemblies.