What we know as Cosa Nostra, the Sicilian Mafia, the Mob or the Black Hand, started in Sicily. By 1880, they set a foothold in this country. After murdering the chancellor, vice chancellor, and 11 wealthy landowners of a province in Sicily, Giuseppe Esposito and six other members of the secret organization fled to New York. Esposito was arrested and extradited to Italy in 1881.
The most notorious incident occurred on Oct. 15, 1890, when Sicilian assassins murdered New Orleans Police Superintendant David Hennessy. By this time, the Sicilian Mafia had established a strong presence in the "Big Easy." Nineteen conspirators were eventually indicted for the murder but were all acquitted. The city was filled with accusations of bribes and witness intimidation. An angry crowd of vigilantes conducted their own "trial," resulting in the largest lynching in American history.
The American Mafia was dealt many so called "death blows" by law enforcement over the years, but it has survived and remained in business. The conviction of Al "Scarface" Capone in 1931, Luciano Genovese's conviction in 1936, the narcotics conviction of "Don Vito" Genovese in 1969, the 1986 convictions of the heads of the Chicago, Cleveland and Kansas City mobs in Las Vegas, and the convictions of eight defendants (belonging to New York's 5 Families) in the Mafia Commission Trial in 1986 were all touted as the end of the American Mafia.
Several attempts were made against John "the Teflon Don" Gotti before his conviction in 1992. Vincent "the Chin" Gigante avoided conviction as the head of the Genovese family for 25 years until convicted in 1997. And the Genovese family was dealt another serious blow when 30 were indicted in 2006. But criminal organizations are resilient.
Because the LCN has camouflaged its activities, you would think it's not a danger to you or to the citizens in your jurisdiction. Think again. I have a 1970s-era photograph taken in a California prison of three dangerous convicts. On the far left is Rafael "Chispas" Sandoval, the front man for the Mexican Mafia's Community Concern, which is a fraudulent program to council youthful offenders, parolees, and drug addicts. On the far right is notorious Mexican Mafia member Robert "Robot" Salas.